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Objective To compare the CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination in the application value in the diagnosis and treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Methods 42 cases of early avascular necrosis of the femoral head were underwent CT and MRI examination,and two kinds of imaging methods were compared.Results MRI diagnosis of avascular necrosis of femoral head in 1 patient detection rate (87.50％) was significantly higher than that of CT (56.25％),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =3.96,P ＜0.05).While the overall MRI coincidence rate (96.78％) and CT (88.71％) had no significant difference (x2 =3.00,P ＞0.05).The detection rate of MRI diagnosis for single cystic degeneration (93.75％) and CT (75.00％) had no significant difference (x2 =2.13,P ＞ 0.05).MRI in the diagnosis of bone trabecular structure fuzzy detection rate (75.00％) was significantly higher than that of CT (12.50％),and the difference was significant (x2 =12.70,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In the early diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head,MRI could detect changes of early avascular necrosis of the femoral head bone marrow edema and fat necrosis sensitively.MRI was superior to CT in accuracy,harmfulness and sensitivity.It could intuitively reflect the shape of lesions and pathological changes.So it could improve the overall level of diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
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Objective To observe the effect and mechanism of extracts of Liangxue Tongyu Recipe(LTR) on acute cerebral hemorrhage rats. Methods Twelve SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, LTR water-extract group and LTR alcohol-extract group. Rats of sham operation group were injected with 2μL of normal saline into the left caudate nucleus, and rats of the other groups were injected with 2μL (0.25 U/ μL) of type Ⅶ collagenase into the left caudate nucleus to induce the model of acute cerebral hemorrhage. And then the rats of LTR groups were given intra-gastric gavage of LTR water-extract or LTR alcohol-extract. At the end of the experiment, we observed the macroscopic features of rat brain, pathological changes in rat brain under microscope after HE staining, awake time, rectal temperature, neurobehavioral scores and serum-specific enolase (NSE) level. Results Rats except for the sham operation group had various degrees of right hemiplegia symptoms, and the symptoms became severest on the third day of experiment. LTR alcohol-extract group and water-extract group had an effect on improving neurobehavioral scores, shortening awake time, and decreasing rectal temperature and serum NSE level of model rats. Conclusion LTR alcohol-extract and water-extract can relieve acute cerebral hemorrhage induced by type Ⅶcollagenase .
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Objective To investigate the pathological findings and diagnosis value of CT and MRI in detec-tion of primary centralnervous system lymphoma (PCNSL)so as to improve diagnostic accuracy of the condition. Methods The results of CT and MRI for 32 patients with PCNSL were analyzed retrospectively,and the results were compared with the finally obtained surgical-pathological examination.Results Of 32 cases,the foci were single in 29 cases and multiple in 4 cases,and there were 41 foci in total.Most foci were located near the surface or middle line of brain.On CT scan appearances,most foci were hyperdensity or slightly hyperdensity masses with the well definite margin,on MRI,it showed low signal of T1 -weighted imaging (T1 WI)and slightly increased non-uniform signal of T2 -weighted imaging (T2 WI).All the foci were equally and markedly enhanced after enhancement.The diagnostic coincident rate of combination diagnosis (93.8%)was significantly higher than that of CT (71.9%)and MRI (75.0%)(χ2 =7.234 6,P=0.003 2;χ2 =6.953 8,P=0.003 7).Conclusion CT,MRI have characteristic mani-festation for PCNSL,and according to the manifestation of CT,MRI,predilection site,mass effect,and combined with pathological examination,which can effectively improve the sensitivity and accuracy of diagnosis.
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Objective This paper was performed to investigate the effectiveness of problem-based learning in naval hygiene teaching. Methods Totally 257 clinical medicine undergraduates and general practice undergraduates from Grade 2010 and 2009, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University attended naval hygiene teaching. PBL and LBL approaches were applied in PBL group (Grade 2010, n=117) and LBL group (Grade 2009, n=140), respectively. The learning outcomes were evaluated by three tests covering PBL evaluation (or usually performance), theoretical examination and experimental practice . Questionnaire was used to investigate the recognition of PBL teaching method and new evaluation system. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 and t test was used to compare the average scores of theory,α=0.05. Results The results showed that the average theory scores of Grade 2010 (78.51±7.57 and 71.68±5.74) were higher than those of Grade 2009 (65.36±6.41 and 59.97±7.08) (P=0.000, P=0.000). The questionnaire surveys indicated that more than 85% students in PBL group considered the PBL teaching method could enhance professional and comprehensive quali-ties, and that 84%students were satisfied with new evaluation system. Conclusions PBL showed better learning results than traditional methods in naval hygiene teaching and could better promoted students' comprehensive ability.
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BACKGROUND: It has been thought that posterior cervical decompression increases the risk of cervical instability and the stress on posterior longitudinal ligament may change growth factor expression in vivo. However, the association between BMP-4 expression and heterotopic bone formation has not been confirmed. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) is one of factors that can lead to heterotopic bone formation alone.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of posterior cervical decompression on BMP-4 mRNA expression in the posterior longitudinal ligament.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed in Taishan Medical College between January 2005 and December 2006.MATERIALS: A total of 48 adult Sprague Dawley rats of either gender and of clean grade, weighing 270-350 g, were included in this study.METHODS: All rats were randomly and evenly divided into 3 groups: experimental, sham-operated, and blank control. In the experimental group, C36 laminectomy for decompression was performed.In the sham-operated group: only skin incision was made. Rats in the blank control group received no any treatment. Four rats were allocated for each time point (1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-surgery) for harvesting posterior longitudinal ligament.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Detection of BMP-4 mRNA expression in the cervical posterior longitudinal ligament by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: In the experimental group, obvious BMP-4 mRNA expression was found at 1-8 weeks post-surgery. While no BMP-4 mRNA expression was found at all times in the sham-operated and blank control groups.CONCLUSION: Posterior cervical decompression can increase BMP-4 mRNA expression in the posterior longitudinal ligament.Endogenous BMP-4 may contribute to ligamentous ossification and development post-surgery.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Wuling capsules on the activities of IL-2 and IL -6 in healthy mice and mice with immunological liver damage .METHODSBALB/C mice were treated with LPS(experimental group)or were not treated (control group) .12 days after giving Wuling capsule ig, the suspension of spleen cells of mice was cultured for 48h and 72h and the supernant fluid was collected for test.The IL - 2 was detected with MTT and IL - 6 with radio - immunoas-say. RESULTS: Wuling capsules could promote Th cells to secret IL- 2 and markedly elevate the liver - damage - induced low level of IL- 2.Wuling capsules did not effect the levels of IL-6 significantly in both healthy mice and mice with liver damage. CONCLUSION: Wuling capsules can promote the secretion of IL-2 and have immunoregulatory actions.
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AIM: To observe the influence of Jiaomu oil A2 on eosinophil manifold and CD34+ with marrow granule system mobilization in bronchial asthma mice.METHODS: The asthmatic mouse model was established by sensitization and challenge of the animals with 20% Al(OH)3+10% ovalbumen(OVA).After the mice were excitated for 10 d and giving medical therapy at the same time,the mice were executed,the bronchial-alveolar lavage inflammatory cells and the hemocytopoiesis cells were examined using Wrish-Giemsa staining.The expressions of interleukin-5(IL-5) and eotaxin(EON) in lung tissue and marrow were examined by in situ hybridization.The expression of IL-5 and EON albumen in lung tissue and marrow were detected by immunohistochemistry.The inflammatory cell infiltration and CD34+ cells in lung tissue were also observed by HE and immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS: Both Jiaomu oil A2 and prednisone significantly attenuated the pathological process degree of bronchial inflammatory reaction such as tissue swelling,reconstruction,hyperplasia,and epithelial cell shedding,and inhibited eosinophil count and infiltration caused by stimulation of allergic effect.Moreover,the two drugs markedly lessen the eosinophil density in tracheal surrounding tissue and marrow in asthma mice and depressed the differentiation of marrow myelocyte to eosinophil.Finally,the apparent decrement of CD34+IL-5,CD34+IL-5R,CD34+CCR-3 cells in bronchial tissue and marrow showed some relationship with the downregulation of IL-5,IL-4,GM-CSF in lung tissue.CONCLUSION: The effect of Jiaomu oil on airway inflammation in asthma mice is associated with inhibiting the mobilization of eosinophil and marrow granule system.
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AIM: To investigate the dynamic influence of zanthoxylum seed oilA2(ZSOA2) on NF-?B signaling pathway and inflammatory factor in pulmonary tissue of asthmatic mice.METHODS: The suspensoid(0.2 mL containing 20% albumin hydroxide and 10% ovalbumin) was administered by intraperitoneal injection to sensitize the BALB/c mice on day 1,then 0.4% ovalbumin solution(50 ?L in phosphate buffer fluid) was dripped into the respiratory tract through nasal cavity to establish the asthmatic mouse model.After dripped ovalbumin for 24 h,48 h,3 d,7 d and 14 d,the mice were killed at specified time points.The contents of interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-5(IL-5) and interferon-?(IFN-?) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were determined by ELISA.The pathological changes of the lung tissues were observed with HE staining.The inflammatory cell counts were conducted by Eosin staining.The protein levels of adhesion molecule and the molecules of NF-?B signaling pathway in lung tissues were determined by Western blotting.RESULTS: In ZSOA2 treated mice,the pathological injury of the lung was significantly attenuated as compared to the model mice,the counts of eosinophils and lymphocytes were reduced obviously in lung bronchial area of asthmatic mice at all observed time points(P
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AIM:To investigate the effects and mechanism of Le Er Mai(LEM) on the apoptosis of hippocampus neuronal cells in the anaphase of cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury in rats.METHODS:A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion(MCAO) was produced with the intraluminal filament.During reperfusion for 30 d after 2 h of ischemia,the TUNEL staining methods were used to detect apoptosis of hippocampus neuronal cells,and immunohistochemical technique were employed to examine the protein expression of Fas,Bax,caspase-3 and caspase-9 in the hippocampial.The gene expressions of fas,bax,caspase-3 and caspase-9 in hippocampial were examined by RT-PCR.RESULTS:After 2 h ischemia and 30 d reperfusion,compared with sham-operated group,TUNEL-positive staining cells and expression levels of Fas,Bax as well as caspase-3 and caspase-9 obviously increased,and the mRNA expressions of fas,bax,caspase-3 and caspase-9 in hippocampial markedly up-regulated in model group.Compared with model group,LEM at dose of 2.00 g/kg or 0.87 g/kg,and flunarizinum significantly reduced apoptosis and decreased the protein expressions of Fas,Bax,caspase-3 and caspase-9 in hippocampial,and down-regulated the mRNA expressions of fas,bax,caspase-3 and caspase-9(P